One of the functions of the Idaho SHPO is to maintain the state inventory of archaeological and historical resources. The inventory is comprised of resources identified through survey efforts of Federal and State agencies and Idaho cities and counties. Approximately 51,000 archaeological resources and 33,000 architectural and historical resources have been recorded. An ongoing effort is the electronic maintenance of this data to ensure efficient access and service to researchers.

As of 2024, viewing and recordation of resources now occurs in the Idaho Cultural Resource Information System (ICRIS). For guidance and recordation requirements for historic resources in Idaho see the SHPO Guidance page.